Good, Evil and Ethics in J.R.R. Tolkiens The Lord of the...

Good, Evil and Ethics in J.R.R. Tolkiens The Lord of the Rings Professor’s Comment: This student was very wise not to summarize Tolkiens Lord of the Rings. The student’s primary intention was to describe the ethical themes that can be found in the book. The first part of this essay describes Tolkiens view on the nature of good and evil, while the second part deals with his ethics of individuals. Excellent work! Introduction The Lord of the Rings, by J.R.R. Tolkien, has been called by some one of the greatest books of all time and has recently earned the claim of greatest book of the 20th century in a poll by Britains Channel 4 (Ohehir). Yet at the same time scholars have often dismissed The Lord of the Rings as a fanciful†¦show more content†¦It could be argued that there is nothing that does not fall outside the laws of nature. But this is not the perspective that Tolkien expresses. To him, living in England during the first and second World Wars, the use of technology as a tool of destruction and conquest was unnatural and evil. In his books, he embodies the idea of technology as magic. This magic or technology is ultimately evil, since its use, for good or malicious intent, always results in the disruption of the cycles of nature. For example, in Middle Earth (Tolkiens fictional world), the pinnacle of technology is reached in the creation of magic rings. These rings are designed to further the processes of nature, to bring great abundance and prosperity to the land. But nature must return to normal, and before the story ends, the power of these good rings is destroyed along with that of the evil One Ring. This brings up another important aspect of Tolkiens good and evil: once technology (or magic) is used to disrupt nature, only similar technology can be used to combat it. This creates an unfortunate cycle. Those whose have no technology must develop it in order to fight those who threaten them with it. Once a people have defeated their enemy by means of this technology, they have already disrupted the cycles of nature in doing so. Tolkien sees this as the reason behind the persistence of evil.Show MoreRelatedThe Lord Of The Rings1469 Words   |  6 PagesTodorov, the author of The Fantastic: A Structural Approach to a Literary Genre, defined fantasy as â€Å"the creation of a moment of hesitation between two worlds†(qtd. Kelly, Course Introduction 2). This description of the genre compliments J.R.R Tolkien’s The Lord Of The Rings trilogy due to the author’s use of sub-creation to construct his alternate world. Tolkien believed that the way to create a believable , all-encompassing world was to combine fragments of reality, or the â€Å"primary world†, together to

Industry Description Of Book Retailing - 1106 Words

Industry Description Book Retailing Book retailing is a retail industry companies in this industry, sell mainly books and other reading media including audio books, e-books and e-readers. Some sell other products such as DVDs, stationery, toys and gifts. According to PwC s Global Entertainment sixty billion in sales of consumer books globally, including e-books. (Hoovers Inc, 2016). Book retailers mainly operate from storefronts, although some also operate online. Barnes Noble US, Fnac France, Page One China, Thalia Germany, and WH Smith UK are a few of the major companies in this industry. (Hoovers Inc, 2016). According to (Yee, n.d.). Dymocks is the largest bookstore chain in Australia others include Collins Booksellers and formerly†¦show more content†¦Other issues that have a significant effect on bookstores are parallel import restrictions. (IBISWorld, 2016) and online retailers have the added advantage of cheap freight charges and often no requirement to pay GST. (ABC, 2016). The online book industry, by contrast, has been experienced rapid growth over the past five years as people are becoming accustomed to doing business online and to having items delivered via post. (IBISworld, 2016) A limitation to smaller retailers is the international dominance of Amazon.com and its subsidiaries. Growth forecasts are compound annual 15.5% over the five years through 2014-15, to reach $230.5 million (IBISworld, 2016). However the need for an increased emphasis on software development to create a more user-friendly shopping interface and the increasing level of completion create concerns for any potential new entrepreneurs, another crucial factor is the need to provide a wide range of product at a competitive price. To take a different perspective; some of the downturns in printed book sales may be as a result of economic conditions which have

Who Moved My Cheese by Spencer Johnson free essay sample

An analysis of the self-help book Who Moved My Cheese by Spencer Johnson. This paper examines the book Who Moved My Cheese by Spencer Johnson, which uses the metaphor of mice in a maze to discuss ways of handling change. The author writes that the book focuses on how people can get where and what they want simply by changing their perspective and their approach. The paper explains that the books teaches self-actualization and is critical of the simplicity of the metaphor of mice and cheese to demonstrate how to handle the struggle with change in our society. The story revolves around two mice, Sniff and Scurry, and two littlepeople, Hem and Haw. They live in a maze and spend their time running around, looking for, finding, and eating Cheese. Cheese, as is stated in the foreword by Kenneth Blanchard, is a metaphor for what we want to have in life , such as a job, a relationship, money, a big house, or an insulting yet best selling business book. We will write a custom essay sample on Who Moved My Cheese by Spencer Johnson or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Within the 94 pages of this self-help book is found an approximate 45-minute serving of information aimed at helping us to insert change in our lives.

International Journal of Research and Health - Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss about the International Journal of Research and Health. Answer: Introduction A research was conducted to evaluate the impact of the low 35 low dB and 65 high dB music played in the gyms and other fitness studios during 1997-98 and 2009-11. It was organized by Elizabeth Francis Beach who is associated with Macquarie University, New South Wales, Australia and Valerie Nie who is associated with University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia. This study identifies the threat posed by high intensity music to the hearing ability of the instructors and suggests to innovate new ideas to minimize this risk (Gaeta Andrew, 2016). Assessment of the intensity of the noise during fitness sessions (WHO, 2015) The study was organized to assess the impact of high and low volume music on the clients and the trainers during the workout sessions for which the questionnaires were circulated. The object of the study is to determine the degree of noise in low and high intensity fitness classes, to find out the trainers and clients inclination for music during low and high intensity workouts as well as assessing if they found high volume music tough for their ears. Also audiometric evaluation was conducted to analyze the threshold limit of the trainers. In countries including Australia ,the standardized noise level at the workplace is 85 dB which is equivalent to noise level over 8 hours (LAeq,8h), which can be defined as 1.01 Pascal-square hours (Pa2h). For increase in every 3 dB, in LAeq, the exposure time is halved .During 1997-98; two gyms were chosen in New South Wales for research. The categories were divided into low intensity workouts including power exercises, constituted up t o 35 % and high intensity workouts including cardio fitness, constituted up to 65 %. Along with this, a microphone was placed on the trainers shoulder for measuring LAeq . Also the same parameters were experimented upon the client area, with the help of a precision sound level meter, type 2231 and type 4230. With the help of the same noise meter, the spot sound pressure levels (SPLs) in the 4 corners of the studio were recorded. In both the time periods, about 85 % of the trainers believed that high level of music was inspiring whereas one fifth of the clients found it stressful. In 2009-11 eight gyms were selected and 43 classes were assessed. In both the cases, the noise level was more than 85 dB (Packer, L. 2015) (Snow Harvey, 2015). Analysis of the research In 1997-98, the research emphasized on the trainers and the clients observations on the intensity of music and the degree of noise in the fitness classes. So, for this purpose the second author prepared two questionnaires, one for the trainers and the other for the clients. The former consisted of 35 questions including those related to personal details, profession as a fitness instructor, other work, leisureliness, hearing and health. The clients questionnaire consisted of 19 questions consisting of personal details, participation in the fitness classes and hearing and health. Among the trainers, 27 of them completed the questionnaire.77.8 % of them were females and their mean age was 26.4 years the length of their employment was 5 years and 3 months. Among the clients, 280 of them completed the questionnaire. 214 of them were females and their mean age was 35.6 years. Around 57 classes were conducted and two recordings were made in each class .The average duration of each of them w as 51.5 minutes. The noise levels of the Circuit Aerobic class were the loudest representing 98 dB and the Light and Low class were the quietest representing to 84 dB. In 2009-11, similar questionnaire were prepared which were available in online format. 49 instructors completed the questionnaire out of which 47 completed the online version whereas 2 completed the written version. Among 77.5 % of them were females with the average age of 35.9 years. They were employed for 6 years and 10 months approximately.137 clients were interested in answering the questionnaire and among them 125 of the them were females with the average age of 42 years. The average duration of the class was 52.8 minutes. The loudest class was the spin class with the LAeq of 98.8 dB and the quietest class was the body balance with the LAeq of 71.2 dB. For matching the degree of noise of both the periods, the analysis of variance (ANOVA) was conducted. The independent variables were the class types and the time p eriods and the repeated variable was the location of the dosimeter. There was no remarkable contrast between the degree of noise in both the periods (in 97-99 it was 89.9 and in 2009-11 it was 89.2).But the contrast was noted in the low (87.2) and high intensity (91.9) exercises. For the priorities of the volume, the independent variables were the time period and the respondent types and the repeated component was the exercise type. At all the times, the instructors preferred higher intensity of music than the clients. The intensity of music affected 20% to 30% clients more than the instructors .They found it more stressful than their instructors (Cheer, 2014). Conclusion (Welch Fremaux, G.2017) So, the results of the research show that the volume of the music in the high intensity classes is same in both the periods. Though the degree of noise has been decreased by 3.3 dB, but those of the high intensity are the same as that compared to the last period. In 1997-99, the trainers spent around 7.5 hours in a week in the fitness classes, which was raised to 9.8 hours in 2009-2011( Bronzaft ,2017).As a result, the weekly exposure per week raised from 4.4 to 7.9 Pa2h per week, thereby exceeding the exposure of the work place noise by 57 % as per Australian and New Zealand Standard. It can be concluded that the high intensity music can pose a threat to the hearing ability of the instructors who deliver more than 2 high intensity classes a day. The study reveals that the fitness industry should consider innovative ways to inspire their clients , rather than playing high volume music ,so that it doesnt get tough for the trainers ears and clients demands are met successfully(WHO, 2015). References Gaeta, L. Andrew, J., B (2016). Noise-Induced Hearing Loss and Leisure Activity. Audiology Today. 28(6). WHO(2015). Hearing loss due to recreational exposure to loud sounds :A review.[Online].Available at https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/154589/1/9789241508513_eng.pdf [Accessed on : 15 December,2017] Packer,L.(2015).Dangerous decibels and exercise classes.[Online].Available at https://www.healthyhearing.com/report/52418-Dangerous-decibels-and-exercise-classes[Accessed on : 15 December,2017] WHO(2015).Make Listening Safe. .[Online].Available at https://www.who.int/pbd/deafness/activities/MLS_Brochure_English_lowres_for_web.pdf [Accessed on : 15 December,2017] Welch,D. Fremaux,G.(2017).Why Do People Like Loud Sound? A Qualitative Study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 14(908). Snow, K., N. Harvey,S.,B.(2015). Challenges facing fitness center designers in multifamily buildings. 170th Meeting of the Acoustical Society of America .[Online].Available at https://phoenixnv.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/11/POMA_Architectural-Acoustics-and-Noise_Paper-2aAA9.pdf [Accessed on : 15 December,2017] Bronzaft,A.,L. (2017). Impact of Noise on Health: The Divide between Policy and Science.Journal of Social Sciences. 2017(5). Cheer,L.,(2014) Is your gym class making you deaf? New research has revealed that the music in gym classes reaches almost the same level as a jet engine. Mail Online. [Online].Available at https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2774452/Is-gym-class-making-deaf-New-research-revealed-music-gym-classes-reaches-level-jet-engine.html [Accessed on : 15 December,2017]

Duyhane Miller Anti Smoking Ad Essays (843 words) - Tobacco

Duyhane Miller MRKT 331 Professor Himelstein Oral Report/Written Report July 2, 2017 Commercials Geared to Stop Smoking Smoking cigarettes is a bad habit that many Americans , as well as foreigners , have . When we were all kids there was always that one person or maybe more who told you to stay clear of cigarettes because it can cause a chain reaction of problems for you in the future . Now we all thought we could beat those odds and perhaps there have been a couple people who hav e beat those odds , but there are still over thirty - seven million people who smoke cigarettes in America alone . It is difficult to escape the world that is anti - smoking you see it everywhere from mural on the side of building in the heart of New York , to commercial vans riding around neighborhoods that have high smoking rates . Almost all Americans, at least the ones who own a tv or go to bars, laundromats or even the movie theatres , have seen ads that are geared toward s getting people to stop smoking. Some of them show what years of smoking can lead to by having people who suffer from emphysema and oth er smoking related diseases explain their struggle . These commercials do not seem to be effective because some people are very selfish and not everyone cares about what happens to someone else if it's not them going through it . Not everyone can be sympathetic because everyone thinks their own problem is unique. However, the commercials that truly plant the seed to grow are the ones that use children as their emotional bait. Let's face the fact that children are our weakness. Whether they are adopted, biological, or are some neighborhood kids who you took in as your own because you saw they needed you as a mo del, they are all our weakness. Companies who are trying to save lives have learned that the best way to get a point across is through a child. Who better to get you to stop and think about what you are doing to yourself and see how it affects not only you, but everyone around you than someone you created and watched grow and do marvelous things? The companies who create commercials using children use pathos to get their point across. Science can be pin point correct, but nothing means more to a parent than their child and all parents want to do what's right for their child which is why eight out of ten parents who smoke do not smoke in front of their child. Not only are children the stop spot for parents they are also the soft sport for teenagers who smoke cigarettes, drink alcohol and do other illegal activities. When you know that there is someone looking up to you for guidance and they are as innocent as can be it makes you stop and think if it's worth losing that admiration. Pathos is not the only means of persuasion illustra ted in these commercials, there is also ethos. Children are like sponges, they grasp everything that is thrown their way and behavior is no different. In fact, it 's one of the first things they learn from their parents. Children are the younger versions of their parents so if a child asks for a puff of smoke, as a parent you wonder if they are serious and tell them it's bad for them and can kill them. If you know what the effects are why would you risk the killing yourself in front a child? I find Anti - Smoking commercials to very important mainly because they could truly save lives . It takes one commercial or one conversation to change someone ' s life . There was a time in my life when smoking had a huge control over my life . I remember waking up in the middle of the night just to smoke because there was this craving that I could not curve and I remember having to go outside in the brutal cold during the winter to smoke a cigarette or two . It wasn

95 Essays - Rationalists, Epistemology

Descartes Vs. Berkeley 03/05/95 Essays - Rationalists, Epistemology Descartes vs. Berkeley 03/05/95 In Descartes' First Meditation, Descartes writes that he has come to the conclusion that many of the opinions he held in his youth are doubtful, and consequently all ideas built upon those opinions are also doubtful. He deduces that he will have to disprove his current opinions and then construct a new foundation of knowledge if he wants to establish anything firm and lasting in the sciences that is absolutely true. But rather than disprove each of his opinions individually, Descartes attacks the principles that support everything he believes with his Method of Doubt. The Method of Doubt is Descartes' method of fundamental questioning in which he doubts everything that there is the slightest reason to doubt. It should be mentioned that Descartes does not necessarily believe that everything he doubts is true. He does believe, however, that whatever can not be doubted for the slightest reason must be true. Descartes spends Meditation One trying to disprove his fundamental beliefs. First, Descartes doubts that his senses are generally trustworthy because they are occasionally deceitful (eg. a square tower may look round from far away). Also, because he realizes that there are no definitive signs for him to distinguish being awake from being asleep, he concludes that he can not trust his judgement to tell him whether he is awake or asleep. But asleep or awake, arithmetic operations still yield the same answer and the self-preservation instinct still holds. To disprove these, Descartes abandons the idea of a supremely good God like he has believed in all his life and supposes an evil genius, all-powerful and all-clever, who has directed his entire effort at deceiving Descartes by putting ideas into Descartes' head. With these three main doubts, each progressively more broad, Descartes finally is satisfied that he has sufficiently disproved his previous opinions. He now is ready to build a new foundation of knowledge of a physical world (the real world) based on what must absolutely be true. Berkeley, however, would argue that Descartes is wasting his time by trying to discover what must be absolutely true in the real world. In his Dialogue One, Berkeley argues that there is no real world, and that all sensible objects (those which can be immediately perceived) exist only in the mind. He starts by proving that secondary (extrinsic) qualities exist only in the mind by use of the Relativity of Perception Argument. As an example, Berkeley writes that if you make one of your hands hot and the other cold, and put them into a vessel of water, the water will seem cold to one hand and warm to the other. Since the water can not be warm and cold at the same time, it must follow that heat (a secondary quality) must only exist in the mind. Berkeley also uses the qualities of taste, sound, and color as examples to prove that all secondary qualities must reside in the mind. However, Berkeley also says the same argument can be applied to primary (intrinsic) qualities. He writes that to a mite, his own foot might seem a considerable dimension, but to smaller creatures, that same foot might seem very large. Since an object can not be different sizes at the same time, it follows that extension must exist only in the mind. Further, since all other primary characteristics can not be separated from extension, they too must exist only in the mind. An interesting aspect of Descartes' Dualistic view and Berkeley's Idealistic view is the necessity of God. Descartes needs an all-good non-deceiving God to insure that the ideas of primary qualities of objects he perceives in his mind accurately represent those qualities of objects in the external world. In the Third Meditation, Descartes says that God is infinite and finite is the lack of infinite. Infinite, he says, is NOT the lack of finite. Since our concept of the infinite could not have come from the concept of the finite (since infinite is not the lack of finite), the idea of infinite could only have come from God. This proof is shaky at best. Berkeley, on the other hand, needs God to give us the ideas of the objects we see since there is no physical world to draw those ideas from through the senses. But rather than proving God to prove his philosophy, Berkeley uses his philosophy as the proof of God's existence. In his Second Dialogue, Berkeley says God must exist to put the same real ideas into everybody's minds because minds cannot interact directly. However, if it were the case that God did

What factors can positively and negatively impact the implementation Research Paper

What factors can positively and negatively impact the implementation and use of a Business Intelligence (BI) application Define these factors, and explain how they may impact BI implementation - Research Paper Example Several global companies around the world like that of Microsoft and Oracle have recognized the need and the value of using business intelligence. The ease of use and the flexibility have made the application a very useable application both by the employee and the employer. Communication system effectiveness has made a significant contribution to the progression of human endeavor. Information is presently utilized as well as generated at a rapid rate. The growth of number of organizations and increase in specialization and also divisionalization has fashioned barriers in the process of information flow. There is also an ever increasing need for undertaking more rapid decisions at various level of responsibility far below the amount which was required in the past. Automation has turned out to be an efficient method for disseminating and retrieving information. There has been development of newer techniques which can be used to disseminate data quickly to the appropriate places and also furnish different information on demand. The techniques used for this purpose are ‘auto abstracting of documents’, ‘auto encoding of documents’, automatic creation and also updating of action-point based profiles. These statistical based procedur es can be used to present data processing machines. A comprehensive system can be prepared along with suitable communication facilities and input-output equipment. This system can accommodate all the information related problems which may be present in an organization. This multi functional system can be referred as Business Intelligence (BI) System (Luhn 1958). Business Intelligence (BI) can be stated as the process of turning a data into information and subsequently into knowledge. Business intelligence is a key enabler for the increase of performance as well as value. Knowledge aspect is typically attained about the customer decision making procedures, customer needs, general economic, and conditions in